The new associations of anthropogenic vegetation of the classes Sisymbrietea Gutte et Hilbig 1975 and Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016 in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Ya. M. Golovanov, G. Ya. Biktimerova

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2022.44.61

Full article

Annotation

Being one of the most characteristic types of plant communities found within settlements, the synanthropic communities of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) have been studied since the end of the XX century (Ishbirdin et al., 1988; Ishbirdinа, Anischenko, 1989; Sachapov et al., 1990; Anischenko, 1995; Ryabova, 1996, etc.). At the beginning of the XXI century geobotanical research was actively continued, while significant attention was paid to phytocenoses located within the towns and villages of the republic (Govorov, 2004; Edrenkina, 2005; Yamalov et al., 2008; Yamalov, Suyundukova, 2008; Usmanova et al., 2013, 2014). Urban vegetation is most fully presented in the series of publications on the classification of vegetation of towns of the Southern industrial zone (Golovanov, Abramova, 2012, 2013; Golovanov et al., 2017).

The given article presents results of the long-term (2005-2018) research of vegetation of the towns of Bashkir Pre-Urals, as well as rural settlements of Trans-Urals. 63 complete relevés of new communities for RB included in the geobotanical base of synantropic vegetation of the Southern Urals were used. The geobotanical database was implemented using the TURBOVEG software (Hennekens, Schaminée, 2001). The area of relevé depended on the community size and homogeneity. Classification is carried out according to Braun-Blanquet method using the JUICE software (Tichý, 2002). The identification of new syntaxa was carried out in accordance with the “International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. 4th edition” (Theurillat et al., 2021). The names of the higher syntaxa are given by “Vegetation of Europe...” (Mucina et al., 2016). The ecological conditions were assessed with use of average values of E. Landolt (1977) ecological scales and processed by IBIS software (Zverev, 2007). Average values are calculated on the following scales: humidification (M), acidity (R), soil richness with mineral nutrition elements (N), humus (H) content, mechanical composition and soil structure (D), illumination (L).

At the beginning of the 2010s prodrome of synanthropic communities of RB, included 7 classes, 12 orders, 17 alliances and 61 associations (Yamalov et al., 2012). Currently, the synthaxonomy of the synanthropic vegetation of the study area requires adjustment in accordance with the modern state of European synthaxonomy. Special geobotanical studies of recent years have allowed expanding the synthaxonomic scheme of synanthropic vegetation of the region. Earlier, data have already been published on new associations for the region of the classes Artemisietea vulgaris and Galio-Urticetea (Golovanov, 2017). This article extends our research.

This article considers the synanthropic vegetation of two synanthropic classes — Sisymbrietea and Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris. These classes are first given for the territory of the RB. The article contains their regional diagnostic species. Previously, they were a part of the wider class — Stellarietea mediae, combining annual weed and ruderal vegetation.

For the class Sisymbrietea, three synthaxa are given: the associations Descurainietum sophiae and Poo annuae–Stellarietum mediae and the subass. Malvetum pusillae urticetosum urentis. The last two synthaxa are new. They unite nitrophilic communities of low-growth annuals along the house walls, fences, shoulders and other disturbed habitats both in rural settlements and in towns.

Association Descurainietum sophiae unites communities found in various disturbed habitats: landfills, deposits, as well as near buildings. They occur mainly within the small settlements of the Bashkir Trans-Urals, less often in the Bashkir Cis-Urals. A comparison of the coenoflora of communities described in territory of RB and in other regions of Europe (Table 2) showed that the composition of diagnostic species groups is quite similar. The greatest similarity is with the communities located in the Czech Republic.

Association Malvetum pusillae, subass M. p. urticetosum urentis (Table 3). holotypus: Table 3, relevé 2, the Republic of Bashkortostan, Khaibullinsky district, Stepnoe, along the wall of the building, 51.81988° N, 58.15081° E, 14.06.2005, author — G. Ya. Suyundukova. We compared communities dominated by Urtica urens described in territory of RB with the closest associations of the Malvion neglectae alliance of Eastern Europe (Table 4). Significant differences are visible both in the almost complete absence of main diagnostic species, and in the features of coenoflora. The cenoses described in the Czech Republic are characterized by the high constancy of Malva neglecta, completely absent in the Southern Urals, as well as the significant presence of species resistant to trampling. This indicates the different nature of environmental conditions in the compared syntaxa. Comparison with other syntaxa of the Malvion neglectae alliance in RB (Table 6) showed that the floristic composition and ecology of the Urtica urens dominated communities and the ass. Malvetum pusillae cenoses are very similar. Thus, we consider the specific subass. M. p. urticetosum urentis as part of the above association. Its physiognomy is characterized by the dominance of Urtica urens. Basically, communities are found within the rural settlements of the Bashkir Trans-Urals in the steppe and forest-steppe zones.

Association Poo annuae–Stellarietum mediae (табл. 3; Fig. 1). holotypus: Table 5, relevé 1, Republic of Bashkortostan, town district Salavat, boulevard Salavat Yulaev, d. 17, house plot, 10.08.2008, 53.34177° N, 55.93038° E, author — Ya. M. Golovanov. Communities dominated by Stellaria media in Eurasia were described as a rule within the framework of weed vegetation. The closest in ecology are the cenoses of the Euphorbia peplus–Stellaria media community described within the alliance Malvion neglectae in Poland (Ratynska et al., 2010). In the ruderal communities described by us, species of the alliance Malvion neglectae and other classes of synanthropic vegetation occur with high constancy. Association communities are found near the building walls of shadow expositions, along the edges of abandoned palisades in the towns of the Bashkir Cis-Urals.

Compare to other syntaxa of the Malvion neglectae alliance in the territory of RB (Table 6), the ass. Poo annuae–Stellarietum mediae occupies the most humidified habitats on slightly less rich substrates. At the same time, such communities have the richest coenoflora due to the presence of species of the classes Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Epilobietea angustifolii. Communities of subassociation Malvetum pusillae urticetosum urentis are similar in coenofloras and occupy similar habitats.

The ass. Eragrostio–Amaranthetum albi within the class Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris is firstly identified. It combines specific synanthropic communities of railway embankments with predominance of annual species. Associations with the dominance of Eragrostis minor of the Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris class in different regions were compared (Table 8, Fig. 2). Significant similarity of the cenoses described in the republic with the communities of the ass. Eragrostio–Amaranthetum albi located in Kursk was revealed. Differences are probably due to the nature of the use of railway embankments within stations, as well as the accidental drift of certain species.

Key words: Southern Urals, the Republic of Bashkortostan, anthropogenic vegetation, classes Sisymbrietea and Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris

Section: Articles

How to cite

Golovanov Ya. M., Biktimerova G. Ya. 2022. The new associations of anthropogenic vegetation of the classes Sisymbrietea Gutte et Hilbig 1975 and Digitario sanguinalis–Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016 in the Republic of Bashkortostan // Vegetation of Russia. 44: 61–75. https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2022.44.61.

Received July 28 2020. Signed for printing August 10 2022.

References

Abramova L. M., Uliyanova T. N. 1987. Sintaksonomiya segetalnoy rastitelnosti sovetskogo Dalnego Vostoka. I. Kamchatka [Synthaxonomy of weed vegetation of the Soviet Far East. I. Kamchatka]. Moscow. 13 p. Deposited in VINITI 30.07.1987. N 5431-В87. (In Russian).

Anischenko I. E. 1995. Opyt fitotsenologicheskogo analiza gazonov gorodov Bashkirskogo Preduralya: Avtoref. dis. kand. nauk [Experience of phytocenological analysis of lawns of Bashkir Pre-Ural towns: Abstr. Cand. Sci. Dis.]. Ufa. 15 p. (In Russian).

Arepieva L. A. 2015. Sinantropnaya rastitelnost goroda Kurska [Synanthropic vegetation of the town of Kursk]. Kursk. 203 p. (In Russian).

Arepieva L. A. 2019. On new syntaxa of synanthropic vegetation in the city of Bryansk. Diversity of plant world. 2(2): 18–37. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.22281/2686-9713-2019-2-18-37.

Atlas Respubliki Bashkortostan [Atlas of the Republic of Bashkortostan]. I. M. Yaparov Ed. Ufa. 420 p. (In Russian).

Bagrikova N. A. 2016. Study of synanthropic vegetation of the Crimean peninsula according to ecological-floristic approach: state of matter, communities classification and perspective of the researches. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo botanicheskogo sada [Collection of scientific works of the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden]. 142: 25–58. (In Russian).

Borhidi A. 2003. Magyarország növénytársulásai. Budapest. 610 p.

Brandes D. 1997. Zur Ruderalvegetation von Estland. Tuexenia. 17: 283–294.

Braun-Blanquet J. 1964. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzuge der Vegetationskunde. 3. Aufl. Wien; New York. 865 S. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8110-2.

Bulochov A. D. 2017. Termophilous communities of railway embankments in the South Nechernozemye of Russia (within the Bryansk region). Bulletin of Bryansk dpt. of RBS. 4(12): 16–28. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.22281/2307-4353-2017-4-16-28.

Cherepanov S. К. 1995. Sosudistyye rasteniya Rossii i sopredelnykh gosudarstv (v predelakh byvshego SSSR) [Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (within the former USSR)]. St. Petersburg. 992 p. (In Russian).

Edrenkina V. A. 2005. Flora i rastitelnost zelenoi zony g. Ufy: vliyanie cheloveka i voprosy okhrany: Dis. kand. nauk. [Flora and vegetation of the green zone of Ufa: human influence and protection issues: Cand. Sci. Dis]. Ufa. 317 p. (In Russian).

Golovanov Ya. M. 2017. The new associations of sinanthropic vegetation of classes Artemisietea vulgaris and Galio-Urticetea in the Bashkortostan Republic. Rastitelʹnostʹ Rossii. 30: 35–54. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2017.30.35.

Golovanov Ya. M., Abramova L. M. 2012. Vegetation of Salavat town (Bashkortostan Republic). III. Synantrope vegetation (classes Bidentetea tripartitae, Stellarietea mediae and Artemisietea vulgaris). Rastitelʹnostʹ Rossii. 21: 34–65. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2012.21.34.

Golovanov Ya. M., Abramova L. M. 2013. Vegetation of Salavat town (Bashkortostan Republic). IV. Synanthropic vegetation (classes Polygono arenastri–Poёtea annuae, Galio-Urticetea and Robinietea). Rastitelʹnostʹ Rossii. 22: 11–20. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2013.22.11.

Golovanov Ya. M., Petrov S. S., Abramova L. M. 2017. Flora i rastitelnost goroda Sterlitamaka: sovremennoe sostoyanie i osobennosti ratsionalnogo ispolzovaniya [Flora and vegetation of Sterlitamak town: current state and features of rational use]. Ufa. 312 p. (In Russian).

Govorov E. V. 2004. Rastitelnost naselennykh punktov selskogo tipa severo-vostoka RB: Dis. kand. nauk. [Vegetation of rural settlements of the northeast of the RB: Cand. Sci. Dis.]. Ufa. 325 p. (In Russian).

Hennekens S. M., Schaminée J. H. J. 2001. TURBOVEG, a comprehensive database management system for vegetation data Journal of Vegetation Science. 12(4): 589–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/3237010.

Ishbirdina L. M., Anishchenko I. E. Klassy drevesnoi sinantropnoi rastitel’nosti v g. Ufe [Classes of wood synanthropic vegetation in Ufa]. 7 Vsesoyuznoe soveshchanie po klassifikatsii rastitelnosti [7 all-union meeting on vegetation classification]. Minsk. P. 42–43. (In Russian).

Ishbirdin A. R., Mirkin B. M., Solomeshch A. I., Sakhapov M. T. 1988. Sintaksonomiya, ekologiya i dinamika ruderalnykh soobshchestv Bashkirii [Synthaxonomy, ecology and dynamics of the ruderal communities of Bashkiria]. Ufa. 161 p. (In Russian).

Jarolìmek J., Zaliberová M. 1995. Ruderal plant communities of north-west Slovakia II. Chenopodietea, Plantaginetea. Thaiszia — Journal of Botany Košice. 5: 61–79.

Kadilnikov I. P., Tsvetaev A. A., Smirnova E. S., Khismatov M. F. 1964. Fiziko-geograficheskoe raionirovanie Bashkirskoi ASSR [Physical and geographical zoning of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]. Ufa. 210 p. (In Russian).

Konspekt flory Vostochnoi Evropy. 2012. T. 1. [Conspectus of flora of the Eastern Europe. Vol. 1]. N. N. Tsvelev Ed. Moskow, St. Petersburg. 630 c. (In Russian).

Kulikov P. V. 2005. Konspekt flory Chelyabinskoi oblasti (sosudistye rasteniya) [Conspectus of flora of the Chelyabinsk region (vascular plants)]. Yekaterinburg; Miass. 537 p. (In Russian).

Kulikova E. Ya. 2014. Sintaksonomicheskaya struktura i tekhnogennoe zagryaznenie travyanistoi rastitelnosti g. Minska: Dis. kand. nauk. [Synthaxonomic structure and man-made pollution of grass vegetation in Minsk: Cand. Sci. Dis.]. Minsk. 514 p. (In Russian).

Landolt E. 1977. Okologische Zeigerwerte zur Schweizer Flora. Veroffentlichungen des Geobot. Jnst. der ETN. Zurich. Heft 64. 213 S.

Lawesson J. E. 2004. A tentative annotated checklist of Danish syntaxa. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica. 39: 73–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803265.

Maevskiy P. F. 2014. Flora srednei polosy evropeiskoi chasti Rossii. 11-e izd. [Flora of the middle band of the European part of Russia. 11^th ed.]. Moscow. 635 p. (In Russian).

Matuszkiewicz W. 2007. Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorovisk roślinnych Polski. Ed. 3. Warszawa. 537 s.

Mirkin B. M., Naumova L. G. 1998. Nauka o rastitelnosti (istoriya i sovremennoe sostoyanie osnovnykh kontseptsiy) [Vegetation science (history and present state of the basic concepts)]. Ufa. 413 p. (In Russian).

Mirkin B. M., Abramova L. M., Ishbirdin A. R., Rudakov K. M., Sakhapov M. T., Solomeshch A. I. 1986. Sintaksonomiya ruderalnoi rastitelnosti Bashkirii. II. Poryadok Sisymbrietalia (Chenopodietea) [Synthaxonomy of ruderal vegetation of Bashkiria. II. Order of Sisymbrietalia (Chenopodietea)]. Moscow. 49 p. Deposited in VINITI 18.09.1986. N 6744-B86. (In Russian).

Mirkin B. M., Solomeshch A. I., Isbirdin A. R., Sachapov M. T. 1989. The ruderal vegetation of Baskiria. I. General characteristics of syntaxonomy Classes of Bidentetea tripartiti and Chenopodietea. Feddes Repertorium. 100(7–8): 391–429.

Mucina L. 1987. The ruderal vegetation of the northwestern part of the Podunajská Nížina Lowland. 5. Malvion neglectae. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica. 22:1–23.

Mucina L., Bültmann H., Dierßen K., Theurillat J.-P., Dengler J., Carni A., Šumberová K., Raus T., Di Pietro R., Gavílan García R., Chytrý M., Iakushenko D., Schaminée J. H. J., Bergmeier E., Santos Guerra A., Daniëls F. J. A., Ermakov N., Valachovic M., Pignatti S., Rodwell J. S., Pallas J., Capelo J., Weber H. E., Lysenko T., Solomesh A., Dimopolous P., Aguiar C., Freitag H., Hennekens S. M., Tichý L. 2016. Vegetation of Europe: hierarchical floristic classification system of plant, bryophyte, lichen, and algal communities. Applied Vegetation Science. 19 (Suppl. 1): 3–264. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12257.

Nikitin V. V. 1983. Sornye rasteniya flory SSSR [Weed plants of the flora of the USSR]. Leningrad. 454 p. (In Russian).

Pochvy Bashkortostana. Ekologo-geneticheskaya i agroproizvodstvennaya kharakteristika. 1995. [Soils of Bashkortostan. Environmental-genetic and agro-production characteristics]. F. Kh. Khaziev Ed. Ufa. 384 p. (In Russian).

Ratyńska H., Wojterska M., Brzeg A., Kołacz M., Kołacz A. 2010. Multimedialna encyklopedia zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. Bydgoszcz. CD for computer: Program. Polish. Wersja 1.1.

Rivas-Martinez S., Fernández-Gonzáles F., Loidi J., Lousã M., Penas A. 2001. Syntaxonomical checklist of vascular plant communities of Spain and Portugal to association level. Itinera Geobot. 14: 1–341.

Ryabova T. G. 1996. Flora i rastitelnost g. Birska: Avtoref. dis. kand. nauk [Flora and vegetation of Birsk town: Abstr. Cand. Sci. Dis.]. Ufa. 17 p. (In Russian).

Sakhapov M. T., Mirkin B. M., Ishbirdina L. M. 1990. Urbophytocenology: study of spontaneous vegetation of cities. Uspekhi sovremennoi biologii. 109(3): 453–466. (In Russian).

Shishkin B. K. 1936. Zvezdochka — Stellaria L. [Zvezchatka — Stellaria L.]. Flora SSSR. Tom 6. [Flora of the USSR. Vol. 6.]. Moscow; Leningrad. P. 395–396. (In Russian).

Schubert R., Herdam H., Weinitschke H., Frank J. P. 2001. Prodromus der Pflanzengesellschaften Sachsen-Anhalts. Mitteilung zur floristischen Kartierung Sachsen-Anhalt 2. Halle. 689 S.

Solomakha V. A. 2008. Синтаксономiя рослинностi Украïни [Synthaxonomy of Ukraine vegetation]. Kiev. 296 p. (In Ukrainian).

Solomakha V. A., Kostillov O. V., Shelyag-Sosonko Yu. R. 1992. Синантропна рослиннiсть України [Synantropic vegetation of Ukraine]. Kiev. 252 p. (In Ukrainian).

Tereshchenko S. S. 2014. Vliyaniya ekologicheskikh faktorov na razvitie segetalnykh soobshchestv klassa Stellarietea mediae R. Tx., Lohm. et Prsg. 1950 v agrofitotsenozakh Minskoi oblasti [The analysis of the influence ecological factors on the development of the segetal communities of class Stellarietea mediae R. Tx., Lohm. et Prsg. 1950 in agrophytocenoses of the Minsk area]. Perspektivy razvitiya i problemy sovremennoi botaniki: Materialy III(V) Vserossiiskoi molodezhnoi konferentsii s uchastiem inostrannykh uchenykh [Development prospects and problems of modern botany: Materials of the III (V) all-russian youth conference with the participation of foreign scientists]. Novosibirsk. P. 251–254. (In Russian).

Theurillat, J.-P., Willner W., Fernández-González F., Bültmann H., Čarni A., Gigante D., Mucina L., Weber H. 2021. International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. 4th edition. Applied Vegetation Science 24 (1): 1–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12491.

Tichý L. 2002. JUICE, software for vegetation classification. Journal of Vegetation Science. 13(3): 451–453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02069.x.

Tokaryuk A. I., Chorney I. I., Korzhan K. V., Budzhak V. V., Velychko M. V., Protopopova V. V., Shevera M. V. 2012. The participation of invasive plants in the synanthropic plant communities in the Bukovinian Cis-Carpathian (Ukraine). Thaiszia — Journal of Botany 22 (2):243–254.

Tsepkova N. L., Abramova L. M., Taumurzaeva I. T. 2014. On new ruderal syntaxons of the Central Caucasus (within Kabardino-Balkaria). Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Estestvennye nauki [Scientific statements of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences]. 23(194): 18–24. (In Russian).

Usmanova L. S., Golovanov Y. M., Abramova L. M. 2013. Communities of Polygono arenastri–Poetea annuae class in the settlements of the central part of Bashkortostan Republic. Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Estestvennye nauki [Scientific statements of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences]. Vol. 25. 24(167): 5–14. (In Russian).

Usmanova L. S., Yamalov S. M., Abramova L. M. 2014. Some synantropic communities of classes Bidentetea tripartitae and Artemisietea vulgaris in settlements in the central part of the Bashkortostan Republic. Izvestiya Samarskogo NTS RAN [Proceedings of Samara SC RAS]. 16(5): 164–169. (In Russian).

Vegetace České republiky 2. Ruderální, plevelová, skalní a suťová vegetace [Vegetation of the Czech Republic 2. Ruderal, Weed and scree vegetation]. 2009. / Chytrý M. (ed.). Praha. 524 p.

Westhoff V., Maarel E. van der. 1978. The Braun-Blanquet approach. Classification of plant communities / Ed. вy R. H. Whittaker. The Hague. P. 287–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9183-5_9.

Yamalov S. M., Suyundukova G. Ya. 2008. Sintaksonomiya soobshchestv narushennykh mestoobitanii naselennykh punktov [Synthaxonomy of communities of disturbed habitats of settlements]. Sinantropnaya rastitelnost Zauralya i gorno-lesnoi zony Respubliki Bashkortostan: fitorekultivatsionnyi effekt, sintaksonomiya, dinamika [Synanthropic vegetation of the Trans-Urals and mountain forest zone of the Bashkortostan Republic: phytorecultivation effect, synthaxonomy, dynamics]. Ufa. P. 79–121. (In Russian).

Yamalov S. M., Martynenko V. B., Abramova L. M., Golub V. B., Baisheva E. Z., Bayanov A. V. 2012. Prodromus rastitelnykh soobshchestv Respubliki Bashkortostan [Prodrome of plant communities of the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Ufa. 100 p. (In Russian).

Yamalov S. M., Saifullina N. M., Mirkin B. M. 2008. Herbaceous vegetation of the abandoned settlements in of the mountain-forest zone of Bashkortostan Republic. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii. 12: 104–130. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2008.12.104.

Yarmolenko A. V. 1936. Rod Krapiva — Urtica L. [Genus Nettle — Urtica L.]. Flora SSSR. Tom 5. [Flora of the USSR. Vol. 5.]. Moscow-Leningrad. P. 386–394. (In Russian).

Zverev A. A. 2007. Informatsionnye tekhnologii v issledovaniyakh rastitelnogo pokrova: Uchebnoe posobie [Information technology in vegetation research: a training manual] Moscow. 512 p. (In Russian).